Barriers and Facilitators to Services Knowledge Item 01: Results from HRSA/HAB's SPNS Innovative Models of Care

Knowledge Item: CA-Barriers and Facilitators to Services-01
Reported Barriers to Services for Men and Women with HIV

In a study of clients with HIV, interviews established the barriers to services that clients had faced in the previous six months. These interviews were held shortly after enrollment in the Cooperative Agreement Project. Participants were asked about 17 barriers. Men and women differed in the degree to which they had encountered 5 of the 17 barriers. Results on differences in perceived barriers and facilitators due to gender, race-ethnicity, and age differences are preliminary because project differences have not been controlled. Projects located in different cities have different recruitment patterns (some are for women only, others have geographic service areas that result in the disproportionate enrollment of individuals from one or more racial-ethnic backgrounds, one is specifically for youth) that may result in the confounding of gender, race-ethnicity, age, and city-project effects. See Knowledge Items: CA-Barriers and Facilitators to Services-07, -08, -20, -21 for more complete and complex treatments of this issue.

It is clear that the clients entering these programs have perceived many barriers to receiving services. Programs must be sensitive to, and address, the differential service barriers faced by men and women with HIV/AIDS.

Percentage of men and women reporting definite barriers in the six months prior to enrollment

Percentage of men and women reporting definite or probable barriers in the six months prior to enrollment

Note that the figure above contrasts the number of barriers reported by all men and all women studied. Some projects, however, were specifically targeted to women and did not serve men with HIV. The next chart separates out those sites that only served women (shown on the left side of the diagram) and those on the right side of the diagram that served both men and women. Within the projects that served both male and female clients, there was no gender difference in the number of barriers cited.

More Information: CHAID and CHAID Diagram

Knowledge Item Citation: Huba, G. J., Melchior, L. A., Panter, A. T., and the HRSA/HAB SPNS Cooperative Agreement Steering Committee (1998-2001). Knowledge Item: CA-Barriers and Facilitators to Services-01 from HRSA/HAB's SPNS Cooperative Agreements on Innovative Models of Care, The Measurement Group Knowledge Base on HIV/AIDS Care, Online at www.TheMeasurementGroup.com.

Last Updated: March 25, 2005; data through June 15, 1999; analyses conducted January - May 2000.

Knowledge Base Citation: The Knowledge Base and this Knowledge Item were designed and authored by G. J. Huba, Ph.D.; in collaboration with Lisa A. Melchior, Ph.D.; A. T. Panter, Ph.D.; and the staff of The Measurement Group. Cite this work as "Huba, G. J., Melchior, L. A., and Panter, A. T. (1998 - 2001). The Measurement Group Knowledge Base on HIV/AIDS Care. On the World Wide Web: http://www.TheMeasurementGroup.com."

Questions or Comments: Contact The Measurement Group.

Use of Knowledge Base Information: Acceptable Uses and Limitations.

Collaborators from Participating Projects: Cooperative Agreement Steering Committee 1999.

Participating Projects: This Knowledge Base is based on the service delivery experiences of 27 Cooperative Agreement Projects on Innovative Models of HIV/AIDS Care. These projects and the Evaluation and Dissemination Center which produced this Knowledge Base were funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), HIV/AIDS Bureau (HAB) as Special Projects of National Significance (SPNS) between 1994 and 1999. Click the Model Programs button above for descriptions of the projects that contributed to this specific Knowledge Item, a list of key staff, and project grant numbers.

Why This Evaluation was Conducted: Editorial.

More Information: Design of this Knowledge Base.

Recommended Citation Format for Web Materials: American Psychological Association Publication Manual Section, Revised 2001.

Work on the Knowledge Base and the cross-cutting evaluation was supported in part by Grant Number 5 U90 HA 00030-05 from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), HIV/AIDS Bureau's (HAB) Special Projects of National Significance (SPNS). The contents of this Knowledge Base are solely the responsibility of The Measurement Group and do not necessarily represent the official views of HRSA or HRSA/HAB's Special Projects of National Significance nor may they represent the positions of the individual grantees whose projects are included in the cross-cutting evaluation.