• Quality of Life and Health 20: Changes in Physical Symptoms Over Time Related to Total Service Episodes
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item examines changes in physical symptoms as a function of the degree of participation in a psychosocial support services or medical treatment model. In all cases, patients got intervening medical services, whether provided directly by the Cooperative Agreement medical projects or a medical provider linked to one of the Cooperative Agreement psychosocial services projects. 

• Quality of Life and Health 21: Baseline and Most Recent Total Quality of Life and Symptom Severity
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item examines the relationship between total health-related quality of life as measured at program enrollment and the most recent time assessed and the total symptom severity measured at baseline and the most recent time assessed.

• Quality of Life and Health 22: Prediction of Most Recent Total Quality of Life from Baseline QOL and Symptom Severity
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents a model of the relationship of total health-related quality of life at the most recent time the patient was assessed to baseline levels of quality of life and symptom severity. 

• Quality of Life and Health 23: Change in Total Quality of Life and Symptom Severity
  In Progress.
  This Knowledge Item shows the changes in total health-related quality of life and symptom severity as a function of participation in a psychosocial support services or medical treatment model. In all cases, patients got intervening medical services, whether provided directly by the Cooperative Agreement medical projects or a medical provider linked to one of the Cooperative Agreement psychosocial services projects. 

• Quality of Life and Health 24: Reliability of Total Quality of Life Scores
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item assesses the degree to which the different health-related quality of life scores go together so as to suggest that it is possible to sum these to form an index of total health-related quality of life. An internal consistency (coefficient alpha) analysis is presented. 

• Quality of Life and Health 25: Empirical Models of Health-Related Quality of Life and Client Need and Vulnerability Factors
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models of how client demographic categories and behaviors indicative of service needs relate to the self-reported health-related quality of life at the baseline assessment. 

• Quality of Life and Health 26: Empirical Model of Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life and Client Need and Vulnerability Factors
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models of how client demographic categories and behaviors indicative of service needs relate to changes in self-reported health-related quality of life from the baseline assessment to that at the most recent time. 

• Quality of Life and Health 27: Correlations Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Symptom Severity
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the relationship between indicators of health-related quality of life and symptom severity. 

• Quality of Life and Health 28: Reliability of Total Symptom Severity
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item assesses the degree to which the different symptom cluster indicators of symptom severity go together so as to suggest that it is possible to sum these to form an index of total symptoms severity. An internal consistency (coefficient alpha) analysis is presented. 

• Quality of Life and Health 29: Test-Retest Reliability of Total Health-Related Quality of Life
  Final.
  For those patients assessed repeatedly, this Knowledge Item calculates the test-retest reliability of the total health-related quality of life index.

• Quality of Life and Health 30: Test-Retest Reliability of Total Symptom Severity
  Final.
  For those patients assessed repeatedly, this Knowledge Item calculates the test-retest reliability of the total symptom severity index. 

• Quality of Life and Health 31: Empirical Model of Total Symptom Severity and Client Need and Vulnerability Factors
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models of how client demographic categories and behaviors indicative of service needs relate to the self-reported health-related quality of life at the baseline assessment. 

• Quality of Life and Health 32: Empirical Model of Changes in Total Symptom Severity and Client Need and Vulnerability Factors
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models of how client demographic categories and behaviors indicative of service needs relate to changes in self-reported health-related quality of life at the baseline assessment.

• Quality of Life and Health 33: Correlations between Total Symptom Severity and Total Client Needs and Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models of how client demographic categories and behaviors indicative of service needs relate to the self-reported total symptom severity at the baseline assessment.

• Quality of Life and Health 34: Empirical Models of the Relationship of Type of Quality of Life Profile and Service Needs and Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models of how client demographic categories and behaviors indicative of service needs relate to the typology of quality of life experience at the baseline assessment. This Knowledge Item is an extension of Knowledge Item: Quality of Life-04. 

• Quality of Life and Health 35: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part I–Graphical Analysis
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents a graphical analysis of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode. Quality of life appears to improve for patients that stay in the programs long enough for multiple assessments to occur.

• Quality of Life and Health 36: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part II–Nonparametric Tests Showing Change
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents a graphical analysis of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode. Quality of life appears to improve for patients that stay in the programs long enough for multiple assessments to occur.

• Quality of Life and Health 37: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part III–General Linear Models Showing Change
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents a graphical analysis of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode. Quality of life appears to improve for patients that stay in the programs long enough for multiple assessments to occur.

• Quality of Life and Health 38: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part IV–More Complex General Linear Models Showing Differential Change for Groups Formed by Needs and Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents a graphical analysis of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode. Quality of life appears to improve for patients that stay in the programs long enough for multiple assessments to occur.

• Quality of Life and Health 39: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part V–Hierarchical Linear Models Showing Change
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents hierarchical linear models of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode. Quality of life appears to improve for patients that stay in the programs long enough for multiple assessments to occur. Furthermore, providers of wrap-around psychosocial services using either linked or integrated medical services have a higher impact on patient quality of life than do providers of managed medical care.

• Quality of Life and Health 40: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part VI–More Complex Hierarchical Linear Models Showing Differential Change for Groups Formed by Needs and Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents hierarchical linear models of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode. Quality of life appears to improve for patients that stay in the programs long enough for multiple assessments to occur. Furthermore, providers of wrap-around psychosocial services using either linked or integrated medical services have a higher impact on patient quality of life than do providers of managed medical care. The degree of change is related to a series of service needs and vulnerabilities. 

• Quality of Life and Health 41: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part VII–CHAID Models Relating Change to Needs and Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents a graphical analysis of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode. Quality of life appears to improve for patients that stay in the programs long enough for multiple assessments to occur. 

• Quality of Life and Health 42: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part VIII–When is Maximum Change Achieved and What Factors are Related to Maximum Change
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item characterizes the entire treatment episode of the individual in terms of the maximum change in Total Quality of Life that was achieved and whether that change was sustained during the period the individual was assessed. Approximately 60% of the participants show maintained or improved quality of life that is sustained for, in many cases, a period of years while they are in these programs. 

• Quality of Life and Health 43: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part IX–Length of Time Maintained at the Same or an Improved Quality of Life
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item characterizes the entire treatment episode of the individual in terms of the how long Total Quality of Life can be maintained at the same, or an improved, level from that of the participant at the time of the first assessment. 

• Quality of Life and Health 44: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part X–Relationship of Time Maintained at the Same or and Improved Quality of Life to Person and Treatment Factors
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item characterizes the entire treatment episode of the individual in terms of the how long Total Quality of Life can be maintained at the same, or an improved, level from that of the participant at the time of the first assessment. Person and treatment episode factors are related to the likelihood of maintaining a person at the same quality of life level. Psychosocial projects are especially effective in helping high-need individuals maintain quality of life. 

• Quality of Life and Health 45: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part XI–Length of Time Maintained at a Loss of No More Than 10% Quality of Life
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item characterizes the entire treatment episode of the individual in terms of the how long Total Quality of Life can be maintained at no worse than 90% of the initial quality of life level at the first assessment; many participants are maintained at much higher levels.

• Quality of Life and Health 46: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part XII–Length of Time Maintained at a Loss of No More Than 20% Quality of Life
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item characterizes the entire treatment episode of the individual in terms of the how long Total Quality of Life can be maintained at no worse than 90% of the initial quality of life level at the first assessment; many participants are maintained at much higher levels. 

• Quality of Life and Health 47: Self-Reported Healthcare Utilization at Enrollment and Service Needs-Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents basic statistics on the relationship of healthcare utilization at enrollment (for the period prior to enrollment) to different patient service needs and vulnerabilities. 

• Quality of Life and Health 48: Models of Self-Reported Healthcare Utilization at Enrollment and Service Needs-Vulnerabilities  
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models of the relationship of self-reported healthcare utilization at the time of enrollment to service needs and vulnerabilities.

• Quality of Life and Health 49: Change in Self-Reported Healthcare Utilization
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the degree of change in self-reported healthcare utilization levels throughout the course of the treatment episode using a number of methods. Changes in levels of self-reported healthcare utilization are systematically related to a number of patient factors.

• Quality of Life and Health 50: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part XIII–Length of Time Maintained at the Same or an Improved Quality of Life as a Function of Treatment in Different Types of Programs
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item contrasts the relative ability of three kinds of services–managed medical care; comprehensive medical care including "wrap-around" social services; community-based psychosocial service providers–to maintain patients at 100%, 90%, and 80% of their baseline total quality of life. 

• Quality of Life and Health 51: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part XIV–Maximum Degree of Improved Quality of Life as a Function of Treatment in Different Types of Programs
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows how the maximum change in quality of life over the course of the treatment episode was estimated and is related to a number of factors, including most importantly the relative ability of three kinds of services–managed medical care; comprehensive medical care including "wrap-around" social services; community-based psychosocial service providers–to improve the overall quality of life of their patients. 

• Quality of Life and Health 52: Healthcare Utilization, Gender, and Impact of Symptoms at Enrollment
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents models which link healthcare utilization patterns to the patient gender and self-reported symptom severity.

• Quality of Life and Health 53: Changes in Physical Symptoms Over Time
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item examines changes in healthcare utilization as a function of participation in a psychosocial support services or medical treatment model. In all cases, patients got intervening medical services, whether provided directly by the Cooperative Agreement medical projects or a medical provider linked to one of the Cooperative Agreement psychosocial services projects.

• Quality of Life and Health 55: Test-Retest Reliability in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents test-retest reliability coefficients. The major indices are temporally reliable. 

• Quality of Life and Health 56: Test-Retest Reliability in Client Contact with Medical Providers Over the Course of the Treatment Episode
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item presents test-retest reliability coefficients. The major indices are temporally reliable. 

• Quality of Life and Health 57: Models of Quality of Life–Differences at Enrollment
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows models of total quality of life, total symptom severity, and the individual components of quality of life. Potential predictors of degree of functioning are gender, race-ethnicity, drug abuse status, age, and enrollment into a medical or psychosocial project. Projects enroll individuals from different groups at disparate levels of quality of life.

• Quality of Life and Health 58: Trends in Quality of Life Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part VI–More Complex Hierarchical Linear Models Showing Differential Change for Groups Formed by Demographic Categories and Drug Abuse Status
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item is a direct follow-up to Knowledge Item CA-Quality of Life and Health-39 which presents the first analyses in this set, presenting hierarchical linear models of changes in quality of life during the treatment episode.

• Quality of Life and Health 59: Relationship of the Degree of Change in Quality of Life, Perceived Impact of Symptoms, Psychological Distress, and Perceived Barriers and Facilitators to Services
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item examines the interrelationships of the degree of change over time in quality of life, the perceived impact of symptoms, psychological distress, levels of barriers to services, and levels of facilitators for services. 

• Quality of Life and Health 60: Participant Satisfaction and Change in CD4 Counts, Viral Loads, Quality of Life, and Karnofsky Severity Ratings
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows that patients who have relatively the most improvement in their quality of life and whose clinicians rate their progress as most improving (or least deteriorating) rate the quality of their programs most highly.

• Quality of Life and Health 61: Trends in Self-Reported Symptom Severity Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part I–Hierarchical Linear Models Showing Change
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows that on the average patients experience decreasing levels of self-reported symptoms over the course of their involvement with their programs.

• Quality of Life and Health 62: Trends in Self-Reported Symptom Severity Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part V–More Complex Hierarchical Linear Models Showing Change by Groups Formed by Needs and Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows that on the average patients experience decreasing levels of self-reported symptoms over the course of their involvement with their programs. The degree of change over time was only minimally related to gender, gender orientation, and 15 other indicators of service needs and vulnerabilities.

• Quality of Life and Health 63: Trends in Self-Reported Symptom Severity Over the Course of the Treatment Episode Part VI–Hierarchical Linear Models and Total Needs and Vulnerabilities
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows that on the average patients experience decreasing levels of self-reported symptoms over the course of their involvement with the programs represented here through hierarchical models.

• Quality of Life and Health 64: Degree of Change in Quality of Life by Project
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the degree of change in quality of life over time by individual project.

• Quality of Life and Health 65: Degree of Change in Quality of Life by Project: II. Estimates from HLM Analyses
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the degree of change in quality of life over time by individual project.

• Quality of Life and Health 66: Degree of Change in Self-Perceived Symptoms by Project
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the degree of change in self-perceived symptoms over time by individual project.

• Quality of Life and Health 67: Degree of Change in Self-Perceived Symptoms by Project: II. Estimates from HLM Analyses
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the degree of change in self-perceived symptoms over time by individual project.

• Quality of Life 69: Maximum Change Outcome in Quality of Life and Psychosocial Service History
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the relationship between outcomes in the maintenance of quality of life and and patterns of psychosocial services, where success is defined in terms of at least one occasion in which there was improvement.

• Quality of Life 70: Maximum Change Outcome in Symptoms and Psychosocial Service History
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the relationship between outcomes in the reduction of patient-related symptoms and patterns of psychosocial services, where success is defined in terms of at least one occasion in which there was improvement.

• Quality of Life 71: Slope Change Outcome for Quality of Life and Psychosocial Service History
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the relationship between outcomes in the maintenance of quality of life and patterns of psychosocial services where success is defined in terms of a sustained trend toward improvement.

• Quality of Life 72: Slope Change Outcome for Symptoms and Psychosocial Service History
  Final.
  This Knowledge Item shows the relationship between outcomes in the reduction of patient-related symptoms and patterns of psychosocial services where success is defined in terms of a sustained trend toward improvement.

Click here to access General Well Being Knowledge Items

Click here to access Psychological Distress Knowledge Items

Click here to access Medical Outcomes Knowledge Items